DATA AND INFORMATION

 Data
 Information
 Information processing cycle

DATA AND INFORMATION
Data is a collection of raw and unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols.
Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful.

examples of data
-letters (e.g., a, b, n,y,c,o,m, …)

-date of birth

-marks of learners

examples of information

-words (e.g., omony, boy, cat,alfa)

-Age
-words and symbols a report, a letter, an essay
Numbers (eg 1,2,3….) a mathematical formula
Informationprocessing cycle.
The series of input, process, output, and storage activities is very often called the information
processing cycle.

What is input?
Data or instructions entered into memory of computer
Input device is any hardware component used to enter data or
instructions in to the memory of a computer.
What is output?
Data that has been processed into a useful form, called information
Output device is any hardware component that can convey information to user
Advantages of using computer for information processing.
1) Tasks can be completed faster because computers work at amazing speed.
2) Computers can process large amounts of data and generate error-free results, provided that
the data is entered correctly.
Dis advantages of using computer for information processing.
91) Initial investment cost can be high.
2) Some staff has to be trained or retrained.
What should be put into considerations before using computer for information processing?
1) Whether computerization can really solve the problem?
2) Is it cost effective in the long term?
3) Is high processing speed really significant?
4) Whether large amount of data has to be handled?
METHOD OF INFORMATION PROCESSING
BATCH PROCESSING
A batch processing system is one where data are collected together in a batch before
processing starts. e.g., Payroll systems
REAL-TIME PROCESSING
A real-time processing system is one that processes data without significant delay. e.g.,
Tickets reservation systems
Ways To Improve The Speed Of A Personal Computer System For Information Processing
1) Replace the CPU with a faster one.
2) Add more RAM.
Computers for information processing can either be server or client computer. Describe
briefly the difference between a server and a client computer on a
Network.
A client computer is a computer that can access the resources on a network.
A server computer is the host or central computer that manages the resources on a network.
Mobile User
A mobile user interface (mobile UI) is the graphical and usually touch-sensitive display on
a mobile device, such as a smartphone or tablet, that allows the user to interact with the
device’s apps, features, content and functions.

Examples of mobile users.
1) Sales representatives
2) Journalists
Additional hardware devices that a mobile user may need in addition to the notebook
computer for communications.
1) Cellular phone
2) Network interface card
Mention any six examples of jobs or careers available in the area of IT.
-Website designers
-Database administrators
-Computer programmers
-Computer technicians
-System analysts
-Computer tutors/instructors/teachers
-Graphics designers
-Secretaries / Typists
-Software Engineers